Submissions for PHAROS

Description

PHAROS (via artresearch.net) is the International Association of Photo Archives — a consortium of leading European and North American art-historical photographic archives that unifies tens of millions of images of art, architecture, and documentary photography with rich scholarly metadata. Founded to advance access, standardization, and digital humanities research, PHAROS maps and links dispersed collections using CIDOC-CRM and ResearchSpace technologies, enabling consolidated searching, image-to-image comparison, and interdisciplinary scholarship. Its Artresearch.net platform launched in 2025, offering free, centralized access to an unprecedented visual and data resource for art history research and teaching.

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11 of 11 submissions

#134

Natural Language Question

How many images are contained in the PHAROS dataset?

#175

Natural Language Question

List all works that are directly or indirectly part of Casa Zuccari, returning parent→child edges to build a hierarchy tree.

SPARQL Query

Run Query

PREFIX crm:  <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>

SELECT DISTINCT ?parent ?parentLabel ?child ?childLabel
WHERE {
  VALUES ?root {
    <https://artresearch.net/resource/midas/work/florenz_casa_zuccari_haus>
    <https://artresearch.net/resource/midas/work/07930314>
  }

  # All descendants of the building/ensemble
  ?child crm:P46i_forms_part_of+ ?root .

  # Adjacent edges: child's immediate parent (within the same hierarchy)
  ?child crm:P46i_forms_part_of ?parent .
  ?parent crm:P46i_forms_part_of* ?root .

  OPTIONAL { ?parent rdfs:label ?parentLabel . }
  OPTIONAL { ?child  rdfs:label ?childLabel  . }
}
ORDER BY ?parentLabel ?childLabel

#176

Natural Language Question

Which works have the most photographic representations (visual items)? Return the Top 20 works by representation count.

SPARQL Query

Run Query

PREFIX crm:  <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>

SELECT ?work ?workLabel (COUNT(DISTINCT ?vi) AS ?reprCount)
WHERE {
  ?work a crm:E22_Human-Made_Object .
  ?work crm:P138i_has_representation ?vi .
  OPTIONAL { ?work rdfs:label ?workLabel . }
}
GROUP BY ?work ?workLabel
ORDER BY DESC(?reprCount)
LIMIT 20

#177

Natural Language Question

Within Casa Zuccari, for each component work, return its Types (AAT/MIDAS) and its Iconclass subjects for comparison.

SPARQL Query

Run Query

PREFIX crm:  <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>

SELECT
  ?work
  (SAMPLE(?workLabel) AS ?label)
  (GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT COALESCE(?typeLabel, STR(?type)); separator=" | ") AS ?types)
  (GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT STR(?icon); separator=" | ") AS ?iconclassSubjects)
WHERE {
  VALUES ?root {
    <https://artresearch.net/resource/midas/work/florenz_casa_zuccari_haus>
    <https://artresearch.net/resource/midas/work/07930314>
  }

  ?work crm:P46i_forms_part_of+ ?root .
  OPTIONAL { ?work rdfs:label ?workLabel . }

  OPTIONAL {
    ?work crm:P2_has_type ?type .
    OPTIONAL { ?type rdfs:label ?typeLabel . }
  }

  OPTIONAL {
    ?work crm:P65_shows_visual_item ?subjNode .
    ?subjNode crm:P2_has_type ?icon .
    FILTER(CONTAINS(STR(?icon), "iconclass.org"))
  }
}
GROUP BY ?work
ORDER BY ?label

#178

Natural Language Question

Among works whose production used the technique “freskomalerei”, what are the Top 20 most frequent Iconclass subjects?

SPARQL Query

Run Query

PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>

SELECT
  ?icon
  (SAMPLE(COALESCE(?iconLabel, STR(?icon))) AS ?subjectLabel)
  (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?workCount)
WHERE {
  BIND(<https://artresearch.net/resource/midas/vocab/classification/freskomalerei> AS ?tech)

  # Technique is on the production event
  ?prod a crm:E12_Production .
  ?prod crm:P32_used_general_technique ?tech .

  # Works produced by that production event
  ?work crm:P108i_was_produced_by ?prod .

  # Iconclass subjects (confirmed PHAROS pattern)
  ?work crm:P65_shows_visual_item ?subjNode .
  ?subjNode crm:P2_has_type ?icon .
  FILTER(CONTAINS(STR(?icon), "iconclass.org"))

  OPTIONAL { ?icon rdfs:label ?iconLabel . }
}
GROUP BY ?icon
ORDER BY DESC(?workCount)
LIMIT 20

#199

Natural Language Question

Which photos depict the artwork with URI `https://artresearch.net/resource/pmc/work/399567`, and what are their IIIF image URLs?

Source

https://gist.githubusercontent.com/aindlq/e37944f24b6ea349ad61bd326170826b/raw/83678b32542f3d8832f53799adbaf7efe90fb1d0/data-model.md

SPARQL Query

Run Query

PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX pharos-meta: <https://artresearch.net/resource/pharos/vocab/meta/>

SELECT ?photo ?imageUrl WHERE {
  ?photo crm:P65_shows_visual_item ?vi .
  ?vi crm:P138_represents <https://artresearch.net/resource/pmc/work/399567> .
  OPTIONAL {
    ?vi crm:P165i_is_incorporated_in ?img .
    ?img crm:P2_has_type pharos-meta:digital_image ;
         crm:P1_is_identified_by ?imgId .
    ?imgId crm:P2_has_type pharos-meta:photo_file_url .
    BIND(STR(?imgId) AS ?imageUrl)
  }
}

#200

Natural Language Question

PHAROS contains photos of which artworks in Italy?

Source

https://gist.githubusercontent.com/aindlq/e37944f24b6ea349ad61bd326170826b/raw/83678b32542f3d8832f53799adbaf7efe90fb1d0/data-model.md

SPARQL Query

Run Query

PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX pharos-meta: <https://artresearch.net/resource/pharos/vocab/meta/>
PREFIX custom: <https://artresearch.net/custom/>

SELECT ?work ?title WHERE{
  ?work crm:P1_is_identified_by ?app .
  ?app crm:P2_has_type/crm:P127_has_broader_term* pharos-meta:preferred_name;
       crm:P190_has_symbolic_content ?title .
  ?italy crm:P2_has_type pharos-meta:country ;
         custom:sameAs <http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1000080> .
  ?italy crm:P89i_contains* ?place .
  ?place crm:P55i_currently_holds ?work .
}

#201

Natural Language Question

What are the top-5 countries where works depicted by PHAROS photographs are located?

SPARQL Query

Run Query

PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX pharos-meta: <https://artresearch.net/resource/pharos/vocab/meta/>
PREFIX custom: <https://artresearch.net/custom/>

SELECT ?countryTGN (COUNT(DISTINCT ?work) AS ?workCount) WHERE {
  # Find countries with their TGN URIs
  ?country crm:P2_has_type pharos-meta:country ;
           custom:sameAs ?countryTGN ;
           crm:P1_is_identified_by ?countryNameApp .

  
  # Find places within these countries
  ?country crm:P89i_contains* ?place .
  
  # Find works held at these places
  ?place crm:P55i_currently_holds ?work .
  
  # Filter for TGN URIs
  FILTER(STRSTARTS(STR(?countryTGN), "http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/"))
}
GROUP BY ?countryTGN ?countryLabel
ORDER BY DESC(?workCount)
LIMIT 5

#202

Natural Language Question

Which photographs depict mosaics?

SPARQL Query

Run Query

# Retrieve all pictures of mosaics in PHAROS
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX pharos-meta: <https://artresearch.net/resource/pharos/vocab/meta/>

SELECT DISTINCT ?photo ?work ?imageUrl ?workTitle WHERE {
  # Find works that are mosaics (using various mosaic-related types)
  ?work crm:P2_has_type ?workType .
  
  # Filter for mosaic-related work types
  FILTER(
    ?workType = <http://vocab.getty.edu/aat/300015342> ||  # mosaics (visual works)
    STRSTARTS(STR(?workType), "https://artresearch.net/resource/frick/vocab/physical_description/detached_mosaic") ||
    REGEX(STR(?workType), "mosaic", "i")
  )
  
  # Find photos that show these mosaic works
  ?photo crm:P65_shows_visual_item ?vi .
  ?vi crm:P138_represents ?work .
  
  # Get work titles if available
  OPTIONAL {
    ?work crm:P1_is_identified_by ?titleApp .
    ?titleApp crm:P2_has_type/crm:P127_has_broader_term* pharos-meta:preferred_name ;
              crm:P190_has_symbolic_content ?workTitle .
  }
  
  # Get IIIF image URLs if available
  OPTIONAL {
    ?vi crm:P165i_is_incorporated_in ?img .
    ?img crm:P2_has_type pharos-meta:digital_image ;
         crm:P1_is_identified_by ?imgId .
    ?imgId crm:P2_has_type pharos-meta:photo_file_url .
    BIND(STR(?imgId) AS ?imageUrl)
  }
}
ORDER BY ?workTitle

#203

Natural Language Question

How are photographs in PHAROS distributed across different license types?

SPARQL Query

Run Query

# Count photographs by license type in PHAROS
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX pharos-meta: <https://artresearch.net/resource/pharos/vocab/meta/>

SELECT ?licenseType (COUNT(DISTINCT ?photo) AS ?photoCount) WHERE {
  # Find photographs
  ?photo crm:P2_has_type pharos-meta:photograph .
  
  # Look for various possible license-related properties
  {
    ?photo crm:P1_is_identified_by ?licenseId .
    ?licenseId crm:P2_has_type ?licenseType .
    ?licenseId crm:P190_has_symbolic_content ?licenseValue .
    FILTER(REGEX(STR(?licenseType), "(license|rights|copyright)", "i"))
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?photo crm:P104_is_subject_to ?right .
    ?right crm:P2_has_type ?licenseType .
    OPTIONAL { ?right crm:P190_has_symbolic_content ?licenseValue }
    FILTER(REGEX(STR(?licenseType), "(license|rights|copyright)", "i"))
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?photo crm:P67i_is_referred_to_by ?statement .
    ?statement crm:P2_has_type ?licenseType .
    ?statement crm:P190_has_symbolic_content ?licenseValue .
    FILTER(REGEX(STR(?licenseType), "(license|rights|copyright)", "i"))
  }
}
GROUP BY ?licenseType
ORDER BY DESC(?photoCount)

#215

Natural Language Question

What is the distribution of artworks across contributing institutions?

SPARQL Query

Run Query

SELECT ?keeper (COUNT(?artwork) as ?artworkCount) 
WHERE {
  ?artwork <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/P50_has_current_keeper> ?keeper .
   {
  ?keeper a <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E39_Actor>
} UNION {
  ?keeper a <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E74_Group>
}
} 
GROUP BY ?keeper 
ORDER BY DESC(?artworkCount) 
LIMIT 50

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